The local_listener init.ora parameter specifies a network name that resolves to an address or address list of Oracle Net local listeners and it is used used ONLY when you have multiple listeners that are running on the same machine as this instance.
The LOCAL_LISTENER parameter is a component of the cross instance registration technology for Oracle RAC (Real Application Clusters).Cross instance registration needs the local listener to help manage connections across all database instances for load balancing and fail over. The local listener is particularly meaningful for the RAC configuration featured by multiple listeners on cluster nodes.
If your Oracle configuration is not RAC enabled, you may as well remove the LOCAL_LISTENER parameter from your spfile in case for default port 1521 .
SQL> show parameter local_listener
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------ -----------
local_listener string
SQL> alter system set local_listener='(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.2.210)(PORT=1521))';
System altered.
SQL> alter system register;
System altered.
To dynamically update the LOCAL_LISTENER parameter, use the SQL statement ALTER SYSTEM SET:
ALTER SYSTEM SET LOCAL_LISTENER='LISTENER_PRIM' scope=both sid='*' ;
If you set the parameter to null with the statement that follows, then the default local address of TCP/IP, port 1521 is assumed.
ALTER SYSTEM SET LOCAL_LISTENER=''
example : in local host tnsnames.ora file
LISTENER_PRIM =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.129)(PORT = 1521)))
Suppose we have 2-node cluster: host1 and host2, with VIP address host1-vip and host2-vip respectively.One RAC database (orcl) running on this cluster; instace 1 (orcl1) on host1, and instance 2 (orcl2) on host2. we have listener_host1 running on host1, and listener_host2 running on host2.
listener_host1 is considered local listener for orcl1 instance, while listener_host2 is considered remote listener for that same orcl1 instance.similarly, listener_host2 is considered local listener for orcl2 instance, and considered as remote listener for orcl1.